Aiming at the problem of path coverage test data generation, a new test data generation method based on improved Fireworks Xxplosion Optimization (FXO) algorithm was proposed. First, key-point path method was used to represent the program paths, and the hard-covered paths were defined by the theoretical paths, easy-covered paths and infeasible paths; the easy-covered paths adjacent to the hard-covered paths and their testing data were recorded and used as part of the initial fireworks to improve convergence speed, and the remaining initial fireworks were created randomly. Then according to the individuals' fitness values, an adaptive blast radius was designed to improve convergence rate, and the thought of boundary value test was introduced to modify the border-crossing sparkles. Compared with other seven optimization algorithms that generate testing data, including fireworks explosion optimization with adaptive radius and heuristic information (NFEO), FEO, F-method, NF-method, etc, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has lower time complexity of calculating level, and better performance in convergence.